{
  "meta": {
    "asOf": "2026-09-17",
    "dollars": "Mixed source-year planning dollars; no inflation or calendar-year rebasing",
    "methodNote": "Historical portfolio illustrations, not the current healthcare or housing score. Healthcare working comparisons and explicit unknowns are published separately at /pulse/costs/ and /pulse/costs.json; do not combine them with these legacy totals. Federal planning costs only. Illustrative ten-year ramps and full-take-up annual costs are separate views. These are not official scores of the package or forecasts for a named budget window. Cost anchors use different source years; the current-law review is incomplete. Fixed ramps do not simulate supply or revenue triggers. Historical phase-in ranges are reference notes, not enforced caps. Revenue uses historical decade averages with assumed interaction adjustments; actual yearly receipts can differ sharply. Interest, unpriced federal fallback, and contingent losses are excluded. Implementation is proposed no earlier than January 2029; relative years have not been calendar-rebased. The legacy health range does not estimate the current core benefits, zero patient charges for covered care, coverage, premium, billing, employer-contribution or employer-affordability design. Full coverage for eligible uninsured nonresponders remains uncosted; unaccepted premiums cannot be assumed as revenue. Credited private insurance spending is not public revenue, and public employer payments enter a common pool without personal premium discounts. A new estimate needs benefits, enrollment, claims, contribution rates, transition assistance, program offsets and administration. The earliest conditional health rollout is late 2029; the model has not been calendar-rebased. The housing amounts and fixed ramp predate the first-phase funding guarantee for otherwise eligible extremely low-income households and have not been recalculated for it or for failed-search assistance.",
    "baseline": {
      "label": "CBO, The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2026 to 2036",
      "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/62105",
      "published": "2026-02-11",
      "lawsAsOf": "2026-01-14"
    },
    "baselineChangingLaws": [
      {
        "id": "pl-117-169",
        "label": "Inflation Reduction Act (P.L. 117-169)",
        "enacted": "2022-08-16",
        "affects": "health-drug, energy"
      },
      {
        "id": "pl-119-21",
        "label": "2025 reconciliation act / OBBBA (P.L. 119-21)",
        "enacted": "2025-07-04",
        "affects": "individual and business taxation"
      },
      {
        "id": "pl-119-75",
        "label": "FY2026 appropriations, IRS rescission sec. 528 (P.L. 119-75)",
        "enacted": "2026-01-16",
        "affects": "IRS enforcement funding"
      }
    ],
    "evidenceClasses": {
      "exact-official-score": "An official score (CBO/JCT/agency) of substantially the same legislative design.",
      "scored-analog": "A published estimate for a related design, not an official score of this proposal. The source identifies the institution and original scope.",
      "bottom-up": "A reproducible model multiplies eligible population, unit cost, take-up, and federal share from explicit parameters.",
      "budget-cap": "A deliberate appropriation or program envelope, not an estimate of unconstrained demand.",
      "unpriced-contingent": "No defensible estimate exists, or exposure depends on uncertain future events.",
      "planning-range": "A provisional range anchored to related work; eligible population, unit cost, take-up, or net financing parameters are not yet fully specified."
    }
  },
  "scale": {
    "federalOutlaysB": 6750,
    "label": "US Treasury, Federal Spending, FY2024",
    "sourceUrl": "https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/americas-finance-guide/federal-spending/"
  },
  "interactions": {
    "note": "Standalone estimates can interact through tax bases and behavior. The 0%, 10%, and 20% reductions are sensitivity assumptions, not a joint score, probability interval, or proven upper bound.",
    "classification": "policy-set assumption (no joint score exists)",
    "haircuts": {
      "conservative": 0.8,
      "central": 0.9,
      "optimistic": 1
    },
    "source": {
      "label": "CBO, Options for Reducing the Deficit (guidance on interaction of stacked options)",
      "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/60557"
    }
  },
  "scenarios": {
    "conservative": {
      "label": "Lower-cost illustration",
      "matureBound": "low",
      "haircut": "conservative",
      "assumptions": [
        "low spending assumptions with fixed illustrative ramps; no trigger simulation",
        "20 percent revenue reduction assumed for interactions; not empirically calibrated"
      ]
    },
    "central": {
      "label": "Central illustration",
      "matureBound": "central",
      "haircut": "central",
      "assumptions": [
        "central spending assumptions with fixed illustrative ramps; no trigger simulation",
        "10 percent revenue reduction assumed for interactions; not empirically calibrated"
      ]
    },
    "full": {
      "label": "Higher-cost illustration",
      "matureBound": "high",
      "haircut": "optimistic",
      "assumptions": [
        "high spending assumptions with fixed illustrative ramps; no trigger simulation",
        "0 percent revenue reduction assumed for interactions; not empirically calibrated"
      ]
    }
  },
  "proposals": [
    {
      "id": "foundation-1",
      "domain": "foundation",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Universal Pre-K",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-6"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 12,
        "centralB": 16,
        "highB": 20
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, Subsidized Child Care and Universal Preschool",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57630",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2021-11-01",
        "baselineYear": 2021,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "CBO scored the 2021 pre-K piece at about $61B over its first six years while ramping; that design sunset after six years, so it is an analog, not a permanent-program score. Mature run rate sits above the ramp before states level out near a 40 percent share."
    },
    {
      "id": "foundation-2",
      "domain": "foundation",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Equitable School Funding Reform",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-3"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 5,
        "highB": 8
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "EdWeek (EdBuild), The $23 Billion Gap",
        "url": "https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/united-states-spends-23-billion-more-on-white-districts-than-nonwhite-ones/2019/03",
        "publisher": "think-tank",
        "scoreDate": "2019-03-01",
        "baselineYear": 2019,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "A Title I bonus sized in single-digit billions per year by design; the $23B gap is the target, and most of the money it moves is state money. A policy-set envelope, not an estimate of unconstrained demand."
    },
    {
      "id": "foundation-3",
      "domain": "foundation",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Universal Post-Secondary Pathways",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 9,
        "centralB": 10,
        "highB": 11
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "The Century Foundation, America's College Promise analysis",
        "url": "https://tcf.org/content/report/congresss-free-community-college-plan-benefit-8-million-students-right-funding-formula/",
        "publisher": "think-tank",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "The 2021 and 2024 executive proposals estimated about $109B and $90B over ten years. Their $9–11B annual averages are retained as a planning anchor, not established mature costs. The source-score phase-in and this model's additional ramp need reconciliation; completion support, federal fallback and related credits are not separately priced."
    },
    {
      "id": "foundation-4",
      "domain": "foundation",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Teacher Workforce Investment",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 10,
        "centralB": 20,
        "highB": 30
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Senate HELP, Pay Teachers Act (analog ceiling)",
        "url": "https://www.help.senate.gov/dem/newsroom/press/news-sanders-introduces-legislation-to-address-americas-teacher-pay-crisis-holds-town-hall-with-public-school-educators",
        "publisher": "Congress",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "A capped match: federal dollars cover at most half of each state's parity gap and only match state money, so the ceiling is roughly half the cost of full parity. Well below the Pay Teachers Act ceiling (~$80B/yr, which also triples Title I). A state-by-state parity-gap model is the pending bottom-up work; this range is the current planning estimate."
    },
    {
      "id": "foundation-5",
      "domain": "foundation",
      "proposal": 5,
      "title": "Affordable Child Care from Birth",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-6"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 30,
        "centralB": 42,
        "highB": 55
      },
      "historicalPhaseInRange": {
        "lowB": 25,
        "highB": 45
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, Subsidized Child Care and Universal Preschool",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57630",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2021-11-01",
        "baselineYear": 2021,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "CBO priced the 2021 childcare + pre-K pair at ~$381B/10yr while ramping, childcare the larger share, but that design sunset after six years. A permanent 7-percent-of-income cap runs higher at maturity, so the mature range sits above the first-decade envelope. The historical phase-in range is not an enforced cap. The current fixed ramp can fall outside it; a binding rule needs a separate policy decision."
    },
    {
      "id": "foundation-6",
      "domain": "foundation",
      "proposal": 6,
      "title": "Show the Results",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.5,
        "centralB": 0.75,
        "highB": 1
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "US Department of Education, ESSA State Report Cards",
        "url": "https://www.ed.gov/essa",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "One report-card format as a condition on federal dollars already flowing; states collect the data under ESSA. This planning allowance covers site-rebuild grants. Grant duration and ongoing administration still need estimates; the flat annual allowance is not evidence that these are the only costs."
    },
    {
      "id": "framework-1",
      "domain": "framework",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "National Maintenance Doctrine",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.02,
        "centralB": 0.05,
        "highB": 0.1
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "FHWA, IIJA Highway Funding",
        "url": "https://highways.dot.gov/iija/funding",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Rules steer about $350B in existing highway money; no new program. But condition audits, asset-condition data systems, and independent inspection carry a de minimis federal administrative cost, priced here rather than called free."
    },
    {
      "id": "framework-2",
      "domain": "framework",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Broadband as Utility",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 6,
        "centralB": 6.5,
        "highB": 7
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "FCC, Affordable Connectivity Program",
        "url": "https://www.fcc.gov/acp",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Reviving the internet affordability discount at the $6-7B a year the replacement bills propose; construction money is already appropriated."
    },
    {
      "id": "framework-3",
      "domain": "framework",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Grid Modernization Accelerator",
      "kind": "credit-subsidy",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 2,
        "centralB": 3.5,
        "highB": 5
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "DOE, GRIP Program",
        "url": "https://www.energy.gov/gdo/grid-resilience-and-innovation-partnerships-grip-program",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Continuing GRIP-scale grid grants (a $10.5B program) plus a modest new loan-guarantee reserve; the 2022 precedent used $8.6B to back up to $290B in lending. Prose distinguishes generation interconnection reform from interstate transmission siting, which remains largely state authority."
    },
    {
      "id": "framework-4",
      "domain": "framework",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Transit-Oriented Development Compact",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-3"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.1,
        "centralB": 0.5,
        "highB": 1
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "FTA, Capital Investment Grants",
        "url": "https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/grants/fact-sheet-capital-investment-grants-program",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "A bonus slice inside the existing transit grant program (about $3.8B in 2025); the closest precedent runs $85-100M per round."
    },
    {
      "id": "keystone-1",
      "domain": "keystone",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Build More Homes",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 1,
        "centralB": 3,
        "highB": 5
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "HUD, PRO Housing",
        "url": "https://www.hud.gov/hud-partners/community-prohousing",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Pro-housing compact scaled from the $85-100M/round PRO Housing pilot into the low billions; homes themselves privately financed."
    },
    {
      "id": "keystone-2",
      "domain": "keystone",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Finance the Builders",
      "kind": "tax-expenditure",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 5.5,
        "highB": 8
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "NLIHC, AHCIA",
        "url": "https://nlihc.org/resource/congress-members-reintroduce-bipartisan-affordable-housing-credit-improvement-act",
        "publisher": "think-tank",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "AHCIA-pattern credit expansion (~+50% allocations, ~2M homes/decade) on top of the 2025 permanent expansion, plus a small-builder loan-guarantee reserve."
    },
    {
      "id": "keystone-3",
      "domain": "keystone",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Help That Actually Arrives",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "custom",
        "customPctByYear": [
          0.25,
          0.3,
          0.35,
          0.42,
          0.48,
          0.54,
          0.59,
          0.63,
          0.66,
          0.68
        ]
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 100,
        "centralB": 118,
        "highB": 140,
        "neverReachesFull": "The illustrative fixed ramp remains below full take-up within the first decade. It does not simulate regional supply triggers; full take-up is a separate beyond-decade run rate."
      },
      "historicalPhaseInRange": {
        "lowB": 30,
        "highB": 80
      },
      "currentLawContextB": 32,
      "source": {
        "label": "Urban Institute, Full Funding and Use of Housing Choice Vouchers",
        "url": "https://www.urban.org/research/publication/how-much-could-full-funding-and-use-housing-choice-vouchers-reduce-poverty",
        "publisher": "think-tank",
        "scoreDate": "2023-08-15",
        "baselineYear": 2022,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-10"
      },
      "basis": "The historical $30-80B incremental phase-in range assumed regional supply benchmarks, but this model uses a fixed ramp, not a tested trigger rule or enforced cap. Urban's 2022-dollar simulation adds vouchers for eligible renters below 50% of area median income (AMI), retaining current recipients up to 80% AMI. Its roughly +$118B/yr assumes full take-up and successful leasing, excludes unhoused people, and does not model rent increases. It is a mature planning analogue, not a score of the approved first-phase funding guarantee for otherwise eligible extremely low-income households, failed-search assistance, or supply triggers. The fixed ramp can fall outside the historical range; the design still needs a policy decision and score."
    },
    {
      "id": "keystone-4",
      "domain": "keystone",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "End Street Homelessness",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 6,
        "highB": 10
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "HUD, 2024 Point-in-Time Count",
        "url": "https://archives.hud.gov/news/2024/pr24-327.cfm",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Federal homelessness assistance runs ~$4B/yr against a record 771,480 count; supportive-housing scale-up. Offsets in ER/jail/shelter costs are real but not booked."
    },
    {
      "id": "carrier-1",
      "domain": "carrier",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Clean Energy Buildout Acceleration",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.03,
        "centralB": 0.08,
        "highB": 0.15
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "FERC, Order 2023",
        "url": "https://www.ferc.gov/explainer-interconnection-final-rule",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Permit deadlines and queue rules still need federal staff and data systems. The queue includes speculative generation and storage projects, including gas; it is not a fully financed clean-energy construction pipeline. This is a policy-set administrative allowance, not a workload-based score."
    },
    {
      "id": "carrier-2",
      "domain": "carrier",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Home Energy Cost Reduction",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 5.5,
        "highB": 8
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "DOE, IRA Home Energy Rebates",
        "url": "https://www.energy.gov/scep/ira-home-energy-rebate-programs-informational-webinar-text-version",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Scaling past the appropriated $8.8B in rebates and $3.5B weatherization tranche (about 500,000 homes); the expansion itself is unscored. Sections 25C and 25D ended after 2025 under P.L. 119-21. Restoring those credits and making them refundable needs a new incremental score; this planning allowance is not that score."
    },
    {
      "id": "carrier-3",
      "domain": "carrier",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Climate Resilience Infrastructure",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 6,
        "highB": 10
      },
      "contingentExposure": {
        "label": "Federal climate insurance / reinsurance backstop",
        "classification": "unpriced-contingent",
        "premiumsAssumption": "Fee-financed: participating communities (those adopting real building codes) pay risk-rated premiums into a fund.",
        "expectedAnnualLossB": {
          "lowB": null,
          "highB": null
        },
        "tailExposureNote": "Correlated climate losses can arrive together, so the tail is fat and the expected-loss estimate is not yet defensible.",
        "attachmentPoint": "Pays only after major-loss thresholds, above private-market and community retention.",
        "capitalRule": "Requires a capital reserve and reinsurance ceding rules to be specified before any exposure is booked.",
        "maxFederalExposureB": null,
        "note": "A contingent liability, not a yearly appropriation. Not summed into the bill; disclosed as exposure pending an actuarial design. Mechanism also adds managed retreat and voluntary buyouts for places where repeated rebuilding is indefensible."
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CRS, FEMA BRIC",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IN12609",
        "publisher": "CRS",
        "scoreDate": "2025-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2025,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Resilience block grants: BRIC ran about $1B a year before its 2025 shutdown (about $882M returned to Treasury; a court ordered the program restored in December 2025); this scales the grants several times over. The insurance backstop is modeled separately as a contingent liability, not a yearly bill."
    },
    {
      "id": "carrier-4",
      "domain": "carrier",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Sustainable Water Infrastructure",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 10,
        "centralB": 11,
        "highB": 12
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "EPA, 7th DWINSA",
        "url": "https://www.epa.gov/dwsrf/epas-7th-drinking-water-infrastructure-needs-survey-and-assessment",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2023-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2023,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "The range continues roughly the $55B/five-year water investment pace against EPA's twenty-year needs assessment. The legal route for the national shortage rule through state law, compacts and tribal rights remains a policy and legal-review question; no authority reframe has been adopted."
    },
    {
      "id": "pulse-1",
      "domain": "pulse",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Universal Coverage via Medicare Buy-In",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "net",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 40,
        "centralB": 70,
        "highB": 100
      },
      "historicalPhaseInRange": {
        "lowB": 30,
        "highB": 70
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, A Public Option for Health Insurance (design report, not a score)",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57125",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2021-04-01",
        "baselineYear": 2021,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Legacy planning range, not an estimate of the current lifelong-coverage design. The approved core benefits, including dental, vision and hearing, zero patient charges for covered care, premium schedule, affirmative consent, indefinite full coverage for eligible uninsured nonresponders, billing protections, payroll-based employer contributions, coverage credits, benefit benchmark, employer affordability rates, protected allowance and dollar backstops, job-pay measurement and income-update/refund protections, support-based family membership, unused-allowance transfers and fixed two-worker ceiling shares, required public-plan provider participation, appointment limits, care coordination, continuity, necessary travel, and transition assistance have not been costed together. Unaccepted premiums cannot be assumed as revenue. Credited private coverage is not public revenue; required public employer payments are pooled without personal household discounts. Income-based help despite qualifying work offers may increase public enrollment and federal funding needs; that effect is unestimated. Public-premium support households pool relevant responsible-adult income across coverage choices and use equal-person shares for public coverage, subject to consent and full-price limits. The adopted public income base starts from AGI with named foreign-income, tax-exempt-interest and nontaxable Social Security additions, protected exclusions and a dependent work-income allowance linked to the basic single-filer deduction. Expected-year forecasts, prompt current-income relief and protection from added charges for reasonable honestly updated estimates can reduce receipts and increase federal funding needs. Tax-time collection and valid accepted debts remain. The adopted stable-family calculation prorates whole months, applies the lower assessment from expected annual income or annualized new recurring income after a real loss, and caps each person's protected total by the final annual-income schedule for their public-covered, consented months with full-price limits. Refunds and cancelled unpaid charges are distinct; none establishes cash receipts. Liquid taxable severance enters the receipt month's hardship resource test only, capped by the annual-forecast assessment; later months use recurring income. Count severance once in annual income and preserve earlier honest bills, consent and downward settlement. Its collection effect is unestimated. Partial months, changing families, mixed eligibility, hardship with other one-time resources, notice/effective dates, liquidity and rounding rules and the net cost remain unresolved. The approved general-revenue guarantee requires federal funding for the remaining cost; it adds no revenue or estimate. The approved financing direction concentrates additional taxes at the top, builds on existing capital/profit commitments and authorizes developing and costing a surtax on very high incomes; the adopted annual filing-status floors in 2026 reference dollars, national inflation indexing, upward-only regional all-items price adjustment and excess-income-only treatment are working benchmarks for costing, not a new tax or revenue estimate. The adopted income benchmark uses broad annual AGI with specified additions, home/retirement protections and recognized one-time income without a new averaging election. It adds no scored revenue. Detailed income-base rules, loss/basis reconciliation, foreign-tax and treaty coordination, trust/entity safeguards, jurisdiction and rates, residence/geographic and legal implementation, indexing procedures, employer rates, lawful program-transfer terms and the full net federal budget effect remain unresolved. The adopted staged move of Medicare/Medicaid/CHIP core medical coverage protects continuity, existing coverage and needed additional services until suitable replacements are ready. Federal funding takes responsibility for the remaining cost of transferred core care, ending the separate state program share; retained services keep relevant federal/state funding until suitable funded replacements. State budget discretion and ordinary public-employer duties remain. The larger federal need, overlapping operations and retained services remain uncosted; state relief is not national savings or a guaranteed tax cut. No transfer amount or saving is selected. Do not double-count existing platform revenues or treat internal transfers as net savings. Estimate enrollment, claims, collection timing, program offsets, startup and ongoing administration. The adopted payment approach sets national rules by service, efficient delivery costs, patient/local needs and access, with rural and other capacity support. The former 120–140%-of-Medicare range is a costing comparison only, without a required floor, ceiling or overall average. Actual rates, capacity costs and phased changes remain uncosted; no saving is selected. CBO 57125 is a qualitative design report, not a score of this proposal. Earliest first coverage is late 2029, conditional on legislation, funding and readiness. The fixed relative-year ramp and historical phase-in range do not enforce a budget cap or establish a 2029 forecast."
    },
    {
      "id": "pulse-2",
      "domain": "pulse",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Federal Drug Price Negotiation",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "savings-not-booked",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "net",
      "currentLawIncrement": false,
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, Estimated Budgetary Effects of P.L. 117-169 (drug provisions); KFF summary",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2022-09/PL117-169_9-7-22.pdf",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2022-09-07",
        "baselineYear": 2022,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-117-169",
          "status": "superseded",
          "note": "The scored $98.5B negotiation savings plus rebates (~$160B/decade) are the enacted Inflation Reduction Act, now current law and already inside the CBO baseline. They cannot finance new proposals. Kept only as evidence that negotiation produces savings."
        }
      ],
      "basis": "The platform proposes a broader expansion: more drugs, faster negotiation, and international reference pricing. That expansion has no score. It may save more than the enacted law, but the correct placeholder is not-yet-booked pending a score, not the score of the law already in force. Shown, never booked."
    },
    {
      "id": "pulse-3",
      "domain": "pulse",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Healthcare Workforce Pipeline",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-7"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 1.5,
        "centralB": 2,
        "highB": 2.5
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Congress.gov, H.R.4731",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/4731",
        "publisher": "Congress",
        "scoreDate": "2025-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2025,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "14,000 Medicare-funded residency slots at roughly $150,000 per slot per year at full phase-in, adding 2,000 per year over seven years."
    },
    {
      "id": "pulse-4",
      "domain": "pulse",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Outcomes-Based Payment Reform",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "neutral",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "net",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, CMMI Activities",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59612",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2023-09-01",
        "baselineYear": 2023,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "CBO evaluated prior CMMI models at a net cost over 2011–2020 and roughly break-even for 2024–2033. Total waste includes pricing and administrative failures, not just low-value care. Savings from the platform's specific payment reforms are unscored and not booked."
    },
    {
      "id": "pulse-5",
      "domain": "pulse",
      "proposal": 5,
      "title": "Mental Health Care That Answers",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 5.5,
        "highB": 8
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, Bipartisan Safer Communities Act cost estimate (S.2938)",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2022-06/S2938.pdf",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2022-06-01",
        "baselineYear": 2022,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Floor = scored and appropriated pieces: CBO's CCBHC expansion ($8.6B/decade, peak ~$1.25B/yr) + 988 at ~$0.5B/yr + clinic grants ~$0.5B + workforce and parity enforcement. High end extrapolates the clinic map to all states with a mobile-crisis layer and doubled pipeline, unscored."
    },
    {
      "id": "pulse-6",
      "domain": "pulse",
      "proposal": 6,
      "title": "Long-Term Care That Comes Home",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-6"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 25,
        "centralB": 42,
        "highB": 60
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, Expanding Home- and Community-Based Services in Medicaid (57632)",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57632",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2021-11-01",
        "baselineYear": 2021,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Low end is the CBO-scored House-passed BBB home-care package ($150B/decade = $15B/yr) plus a capped family-caregiver credit (~$10B/yr, unscored); high end is the full Better Care Better Jobs scale ($400B/decade = $40B/yr) plus $20B for the credit. New spending that buys more care at lower cost per person, not a program that pays for itself."
    },
    {
      "id": "resonance-1",
      "domain": "resonance",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Anti-Discrimination Enforcement",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-3"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.3,
        "centralB": 0.45,
        "highB": 0.6
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "EEOC, Budget and Performance",
        "url": "https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc-budget",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Roughly doubling case-handling capacity across EEOC (budget about $455M), HUD fair housing, and the DOJ Civil Rights Division. Recovered penalties offset some cost but are not booked as revenue."
    },
    {
      "id": "resonance-2",
      "domain": "resonance",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Voting Rights Restoration",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "step"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.05,
        "centralB": 0.15,
        "highB": 0.3
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Congress.gov, H.R.14",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/14",
        "publisher": "Congress",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "DOJ review staff in the tens of millions; election-upgrade grants have precedent in the hundreds of millions, one time. Prose requires a current, evidence-based, geographically dynamic preclearance formula built to survive the equal-sovereignty objection, with severability if part is enjoined."
    },
    {
      "id": "resonance-3",
      "domain": "resonance",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Pay Equity & Economic Opportunity",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.01,
        "centralB": 0.05,
        "highB": 0.1
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, H.R.7 Cost Estimate",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/55031",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2021-04-01",
        "baselineYear": 2021,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "CBO scored the Paycheck Fairness Act in millions per year, not billions. Pay-transparency and algorithm-audit provisions add small-business thresholds and enforcement remedies in the mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "resonance-4",
      "domain": "resonance",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Equal Justice Under Law",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-3"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 1.5,
        "centralB": 1.75,
        "highB": 2
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "LSC, Appropriations",
        "url": "https://www.lsc.gov/i-am-grantee/laws-regulations-and-guidance/lsc-appropriations",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Legal aid at the $2.1B the fund says full service requires (vs $560M now) plus public-defender funding; sentencing-reform savings not booked."
    },
    {
      "id": "resonance-5",
      "domain": "resonance",
      "proposal": 5,
      "title": "An Immigration System That Answers",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.5,
        "centralB": 1,
        "highB": 1.5
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "TRAC, Immigration Court Backlog",
        "url": "https://tracreports.org/phptools/immigration/backlog/",
        "publisher": "think-tank",
        "scoreDate": "2025-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2025,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Roughly doubling the historical immigration-court budget is a planning allowance. A staffing model spanning judges, interpreters, counsel, processing and appeals remains necessary. USCIS fees finance real operating costs; recaptured visas still require staff and systems."
    },
    {
      "id": "resonance-6",
      "domain": "resonance",
      "proposal": 6,
      "title": "Close the Buy-Borrow-Die Loophole",
      "kind": "mandatory",
      "direction": "savings-not-booked",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "net",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60943",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60943",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Revenue-side commitment. A historical gains-at-death analogue appears once in revenue, not here. The minimum tax and borrowing fallback remain unscored. Estate-tax interactions, exemptions, deferrals and legal treatment need a design-specific review; the analogue is not an exact score."
    },
    {
      "id": "protocol-1",
      "domain": "protocol",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Algorithmic Accountability",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.05,
        "centralB": 0.12,
        "highB": 0.2
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Congress.gov, ADPPA",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/8152/text",
        "publisher": "Congress",
        "scoreDate": "2022-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2022,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Planning allowance for federal oversight of audits financed by regulated firms. Covered decisions, government use, exemptions, auditor independence, evidence access and enforcement need a complete statutory design. Firm-level compliance costs are outside the federal total."
    },
    {
      "id": "protocol-2",
      "domain": "protocol",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Federal Data Privacy Framework",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.1,
        "centralB": 0.2,
        "highB": 0.3
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Congress.gov, ADPPA",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/8152/text",
        "publisher": "Congress",
        "scoreDate": "2022-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2022,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "An FTC privacy bureau; a rival Senate bill put $100M on it, and a national regulator runs in the low hundreds of millions. Placed first in the technology dependency sequence: data minimization and purpose limitation reduce risk across the other tech proposals."
    },
    {
      "id": "protocol-3",
      "domain": "protocol",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Frontier AI Safety & Incident Reporting",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.03,
        "centralB": 0.06,
        "highB": 0.1
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "NIST, AI Risk Management Framework",
        "url": "https://www.nist.gov/itl/ai-risk-management-framework",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Planning allowance for a federal safety office and incident database. Thresholds, updating rules, reporting duties, open-weight treatment and coordination with other rules remain design questions. Private evaluation costs are outside the federal total."
    },
    {
      "id": "protocol-4",
      "domain": "protocol",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Kids' Online Safety by Design",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 0.01,
        "centralB": 0.03,
        "highB": 0.05
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Congress.gov, KOSA (S.1409)",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1409",
        "publisher": "Congress",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "FTC enforcement staff in the millions per year; the Senate-passed KOSA carried no significant budget score. Duty of care binds product design (defaults, feeds, data), never lawful speech."
    },
    {
      "id": "horizon-1",
      "domain": "horizon",
      "proposal": 1,
      "title": "Alliance Reinvestment & Diplomatic Capacity",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-3"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 4.5,
        "highB": 6
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CRS, State Department FY2025",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48231",
        "publisher": "CRS",
        "scoreDate": "2025-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2025,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Restoring a few billion a year of what was cut from the roughly $52B (2025) diplomacy and aid base. Avoided-crisis benefits are real but discussed, not booked as savings."
    },
    {
      "id": "horizon-2",
      "domain": "horizon",
      "proposal": 2,
      "title": "Economic Security & Fair Trade",
      "kind": "credit-subsidy",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 3,
        "centralB": 5.5,
        "highB": 8
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "NIST, CHIPS for America",
        "url": "https://www.nist.gov/chips",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "CHIPS-pattern programs (CHIPS itself: $52.7B) extended to medicine and other critical goods, sized sector by sector across a decade."
    },
    {
      "id": "horizon-3",
      "domain": "horizon",
      "proposal": 3,
      "title": "Defense Modernization & Strategic Restraint",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "savings-not-booked",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "net",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, Illustrative Options Under a Smaller Defense Budget",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57538",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2021-10-01",
        "baselineYear": 2021,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "CBO worked examples show up to about $100B a year possible through explicit force-structure choices. Our proposal reinvests savings in modern capability first, so nothing is booked here. An illustrative force and five-year budget path is the pending specification."
    },
    {
      "id": "horizon-4",
      "domain": "horizon",
      "proposal": 4,
      "title": "Global Development as Strategic Investment",
      "kind": "discretionary",
      "direction": "cost",
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-4"
      },
      "mature": {
        "lowB": 10,
        "centralB": 15,
        "highB": 20
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "Pew Research, US Foreign Aid Data",
        "url": "https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/02/06/what-the-data-says-about-us-foreign-aid/",
        "publisher": "think-tank",
        "scoreDate": "2025-02-06",
        "baselineYear": 2025,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "Rebuilding from the $50B (2026) base toward the roughly $60-70B levels of the early 2020s over several years."
    },
    {
      "id": "horizon-5",
      "domain": "horizon",
      "proposal": 5,
      "title": "Interest-Based Global Engagement",
      "kind": "regulation",
      "direction": "neutral",
      "evidence": "budget-cap",
      "grossOrNet": "gross",
      "currentLawIncrement": true,
      "baselineSensitive": false,
      "source": {
        "label": "CRS, U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel",
        "url": "https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/RL33222",
        "publisher": "CRS",
        "scoreDate": "2025-01-01",
        "baselineYear": 2025,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "basis": "The proposal attaches conditions to existing aid. No separate appropriation is modeled, but staff work has a cost and additional capacity may be needed. Uniform review standards, independent findings, waiver rules and humanitarian exceptions are not fully specified."
    }
  ],
  "offsets": [
    {
      "label": "Booked incremental savings",
      "perYearB": 0,
      "booked": true,
      "caveat": "Zero. The platform books no savings as pay-fors. The enacted IRA drug savings are current law and cannot finance new proposals; the broader negotiation expansion is shown but unscored; defense savings are reinvested. A dollar of savings is booked only when an official score of an incremental proposal exists",
      "sourceLabel": "ATTRACTOR method note",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/62105"
    },
    {
      "label": "Defense reallocation",
      "perYearB": 0,
      "booked": false,
      "caveat": "CBO's worked examples reach about $100B a year, but our defense proposal reinvests savings in modern capability first. Booking the same dollar twice is the move this page exists to avoid",
      "sourceLabel": "CBO, Illustrative Options Under a Smaller Defense Budget",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57538"
    }
  ],
  "revenue": [
    {
      "label": "Corporate rate from 21 to 25 percent",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 54.28,
        "centralB": 54.28,
        "highB": 54.28
      },
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "usableForCoverage": true,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60956",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60956",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "partially-superseded",
          "note": "The 21% rate is intact, but the 2025 act made 100% bonus depreciation and R&D expensing permanent, narrowing the base, so the per-point yield now runs somewhat below the December 2024 $135.7B/point score. Usable as a scored analog; exact 2026 yield awaits a rescore."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "This review identifies no direct change to this tax design from the IRS funding rescission. It is not a new official score; enforcement and joint-package interactions remain uncertain."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "Four times the historical one-point score ($135.7B over ten years), divided by ten. Linear scaling to four points is a planning approximation, not a joint or current-law score. Corporate tax burdens can reach workers as well as shareholders."
    },
    {
      "label": "Tax foreign profits at the full corporate rate",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 34,
        "centralB": 34,
        "highB": 34
      },
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60960",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60960",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "superseded",
          "note": "The 2025 act already moved partway here: it repealed the QBAI tangible-return exemption (GILTI became NCTI) and raised the effective rate from 10.5% to 12.6%, and eased the foreign-tax-credit haircut from 80% to 90%. The residual yield of finishing the move to a full-rate system is substantially smaller than the December 2024 $340B/decade and cannot be derived without an official rescore. Excluded from coverage math until rescored."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "This review identifies no direct change to this tax design from the IRS funding rescission. It is not a new official score; enforcement and joint-package interactions remain uncertain."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "The policy commitment stands: profits booked overseas should not be taxed less than profits earned here. But the 2025 act already captured part of this option's yield, so the December 2024 $34B/yr is shown as a stale ceiling and is NOT counted toward coverage until CBO rescores it"
    },
    {
      "label": "Close the pass-through investment-tax gap",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 42,
        "centralB": 42,
        "highB": 42
      },
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "usableForCoverage": true,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60945",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60945",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "The 2025 act did not touch the net investment income tax or its base; the gap this closes (active S-corp and limited-partner income escaping both NIIT and Medicare tax) still exists. The cited December 2024 option 60945 scores $420B/decade = $42B/yr — corrected from the earlier $24.9B, which was an older-vintage figure."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "This review identifies no direct change to this tax design from the IRS funding rescission. It is not a new official score; enforcement and joint-package interactions remain uncertain."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "High-income owners of pass-through businesses skip the 3.8 percent tax everyone else pays on investment income: CBO's December 2024 option scores this at about $420B per decade"
    },
    {
      "label": "Tax capital gains at death",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 53.61,
        "centralB": 53.61,
        "highB": 53.61
      },
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "usableForCoverage": true,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60943",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60943",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "partially-superseded",
          "note": "Stepped-up basis and capital-gains rates are unchanged, so the core score holds. But the 2025 act made a $15M-per-decedent estate-tax exemption permanent (vs the scheduled ~$7.1M reversion the December 2024 baseline assumed), shrinking the estate-tax offset the option interacts with. Net direction roughly neutral-to-slightly-up; treated as a scored analog."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "This review identifies no direct change to this tax design from the IRS funding rescission. It is not a new official score; enforcement and joint-package interactions remain uncertain."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "The historical tax-at-death alternative scored $536.1B over ten years. It is not restricted to large estates as a blanket rule. Farm deferrals, exemptions, and current estate-tax interactions require a design-specific score."
    },
    {
      "label": "Capital gains rate up two points",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 10.33,
        "centralB": 10.33,
        "highB": 10.33
      },
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60940",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60940",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "The 2025 act left long-term capital-gains and qualified-dividend rates (0/15/20) unchanged. Least affected of the committed options; only baseline realizations moved."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "This review identifies no direct change to this tax design from the IRS funding rescission. It is not a new official score; enforcement and joint-package interactions remain uncertain."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "NOT COUNTED: the cited option raises all 0/15/20 rates to 2/17/22, including qualified dividends. The adopted design instead adds two points only to gains/dividends otherwise taxed at 20%, limited to income above the adopted indexed, regionally adjusted high-income floors. Lower brackets remain unchanged. The protected top-only design has no joint cash score; this all-bracket reference is not its yield."
    },
    {
      "label": "Small tax on financial transactions",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 29.68,
        "centralB": 29.68,
        "highB": 29.68
      },
      "evidence": "scored-analog",
      "usableForCoverage": true,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "immediate"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60966",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60966",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "No financial-transactions tax exists in current law and the 2025 act created none, so the December 2024 option 60966 ($296.8B/decade) is unaffected in design. Citation corrected from the December 2022 option 58708 to the December 2024 option 60966 that this figure comes from."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "unaffected",
          "note": "This review identifies no direct change to this tax design from the IRS funding rescission. It is not a new official score; enforcement and joint-package interactions remain uncertain."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "The historical score is $296.8B over ten years. The one-basis-point tax covers most securities and derivatives, not just high-frequency trades. Ordinary investors may bear costs. The score includes an initial deficit increase; its average is not an annual cash-flow forecast."
    },
    {
      "label": "Rebuild IRS enforcement",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 8,
        "centralB": 11,
        "highB": 14
      },
      "evidence": "planning-range",
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "baselineSensitive": true,
      "phaseIn": {
        "startYear": 1,
        "profile": "linear-5"
      },
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO, How Changes in Funding for the IRS Affect Revenues (2024) + P.L. 119-75 sec. 528 score (2026)",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59972",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-02-29",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-09-08"
      },
      "postBaselineLawReview": [
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-75",
          "status": "superseded",
          "note": "Intervening rescissions changed the enforcement-funding baseline. This model has not reconciled account-level rescissions or specified a restoration appropriation. Historical marginal receipts are not a completed bottom-up or net-yield estimate; the line is excluded."
        },
        {
          "lawId": "pl-119-21",
          "status": "needs-rescore",
          "note": "Intervening rescissions changed the enforcement-funding baseline. This model has not reconciled account-level rescissions or specified a restoration appropriation. Historical marginal receipts are not a completed bottom-up or net-yield estimate; the line is excluded."
        }
      ],
      "caveat": "NOT COUNTED: the $8–14B range is a provisional collections allowance, not a net score. The funding appropriation, staff ramp, and collections net of costs are unspecified. CBO's rescission examples cannot simply be reversed into a restoration score."
    }
  ],
  "menu": [
    {
      "label": "Surtax on income above $100K/$200K (per point)",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 56,
        "centralB": 84,
        "highB": 112
      },
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "earmarked": false,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60938",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60938",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "caveat": "About $560B per decade per point. We did not commit to this one, on purpose: $100,000 is quickly becoming a middle-class income in the most expensive parts of the country, and a flat national threshold ignores that the same salary buys very different lives in different places. If ever used, the threshold has to be higher and set with local costs of living in mind"
    },
    {
      "label": "Social Security taxable-maximum options",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 100,
        "centralB": 130,
        "highB": 160
      },
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "earmarked": true,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 60955",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/60955",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "caveat": "Taxing earnings above $250,000 raises $1.0-1.6 trillion per decade, but payroll tax flows to the Social Security trust fund, and its natural first claim is Social Security solvency. Counting it here and for solvency would be double-counting. The option stays listed, flagged, and out of our arithmetic"
    },
    {
      "label": "Carbon price",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 92,
        "centralB": 92,
        "highB": 92
      },
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "earmarked": false,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "notCounted": "Raises the household energy prices this platform promises to cut",
      "source": {
        "label": "CBO Budget Option 54821",
        "url": "https://www.cbo.gov/budget-options/54821",
        "publisher": "CBO",
        "scoreDate": "2024-12-12",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "caveat": "One of the biggest options in CBO's book: $25 per ton rising 5 percent a year raises about $919B per decade in the December 2024 scoring. We list it for completeness and do not count it. A platform that promises to cut your energy bill does not quietly balance its books by raising it"
    },
    {
      "label": "Close the buy-borrow-die loophole for good",
      "perYear": {
        "lowB": 50,
        "centralB": 50,
        "highB": 50
      },
      "usableForCoverage": false,
      "earmarked": false,
      "grossOrNet": "revenue",
      "notCounted": "No congressional score yet; the estimate is Treasury's",
      "source": {
        "label": "US Treasury, General Explanations of Revenue Proposals",
        "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/tax-policy/revenue-proposals",
        "publisher": "agency",
        "scoreDate": "2024-03-01",
        "baselineYear": 2024,
        "estimatesExactDesign": false,
        "accessedDate": "2026-07-17"
      },
      "caveat": "Taxing gains at death (committed above) ends the endgame. Ending the lifetime leg takes a minimum tax on fortunes above $100 million that counts unrealized gains, which Treasury scores at roughly $500B per decade. The dollars move into our arithmetic the day an official score exists. This is now a full proposal: Equal Rights, Proposal 6"
    }
  ]
}